Turkish novelist, essayist and women's rights activist
Elif Shafak | |
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Native name | Elif Åžafak |
Born | (1971-10-25) 25 October 1971 (age 50) Strasbourg, France |
Occupation |
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Language |
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Genre | Literary fiction |
Notable works |
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Website | |
www |
Elif Shafak (Turkish: Elif Şafak, pronounced [eˈlif ʃaˈfak]; born 25 October 1971) is a Turkish-British[1] novelist, essayist, public speaker, political scientist[2] and activist. When publishing in English, her name is anglicized as 'Elif Shafak'.[3]
Shafak writes in Turkish and English, and has published 19 works. She is best known for her novels, which include The Bastard of Istanbul, The Forty Rules of Love, Three Daughters of Eve and 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World. Her books have been translated into 55 languages and been nominated for several literary awards. Described by The Financial Times as "Turkey's leading female novelist",[4] several of her works have been bestsellers in Turkey and internationally.
Her works have prominently featured the city of Istanbul, and dealt with themes of Eastern and Western culture, roles of women in society, and human rights issues. Certain politically challenging topics addressed in her novels, such as child abuse and the Armenian genocide, have led to legal action from authorities in Turkey[5] [6] that prompted her to emigrate to the United Kingdom.
Shafak also holds a PhD in political science. An essayist and contributor to several media outlets, Shafak has advocated for women's rights, minority rights, and freedom of speech.
Early life and education [edit]
Shafak was born in Strasbourg to philosopher Nuri Bilgin and Åžafak Atayman, who later became a diplomat. After her parents separated, Shafak returned to Ankara, Turkey, where she was raised by her mother and maternal grandmother.[7] She says that growing up in a dysfunctional family was difficult, but that growing up in a non-patriarchal environment had a beneficial impact on her. Having grown up without her father, she met her half-brothers for the first time when she was in her mid-twenties.[8]
Shafak added her mother's first name— Turkish for 'dawn' —to her own when constructing her pen name at the age of eighteen. Shafak spent her teenage years in Madrid, Jordan and Germany.[8]
Shafak studied an undergraduate degree in International Relations at Middle East Technical University, and later took Women's Studies.[9] She holds a Ph.D. in Political Science.[10] [11] She has taught at universities in Turkey. Later emigrating to the United States, she was a fellow at Mount Holyoke College, a visiting professor at the University of Michigan, and was a tenured professor at the University of Arizona in Near Eastern studies.[8] [12]
In the U.K., she held the Weidenfeld Visiting Professorship in Comparative European Literature at St Anne's College, the University of Oxford for the 2017–2018 academic year[13], where she is an honorary fellow.[14]
Career [edit]
Shafak has published eighteen books, encompassing both fiction and nonfiction.[15]
Fiction [edit]
Shafak's first novel, Pinhan (The Hidden), was awarded the Rumi Prize in 1998, a Turkish literary prize.[16]
Shafak's 1999 novel Mahrem (The Gaze) was awarded "Best Novel" by the Turkish Authors' Association in 2000.[17]
Her next novel, Bit Palas (The Flea Palace, 2002), was shortlisted for Independent Best Foreign Fiction in 2005.[18] [19]
Shafak released her first novel in English, The Saint of Incipient Insanities, in 2004.[8]
Her second novel in English, The Bastard of Istanbul, was long-listed for the Orange Prize.[20] It addresses the Armenian genocide, which is denied by the Turkish government. Shafak was prosecuted in July 2006 on charges of "insulting Turkishness" (Article 301 of the Turkish Penal Code) for discussing the genocide in the novel. Had she been convicted, she would have faced a maximum jail term of three years. The Guardian commented that The Bastard of Istanbul may be the first Turkish novel to address the genocide.[21] She was acquitted of these charges in September 2006 at the prosecutor's request.[22]
Shafak's novel The Forty Rules of Love (AÅŸk in Turkish) became a bestseller in Turkey upon its release;[23] it sold more than 200,000 copies by 2009, surpassing a previous record of 120,000 copies set by Orhan Pamuk's The New Life. [24] In France, it was awarded a Prix ALEF* – Mention Spéciale Littérature Etrangére.[25] It was also nominated for the 2012 International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award.[26] In 2019, it was listed by the BBC as one of the 100 "most inspiring" novels[27] and one of the "100 novels that shaped our world".[28]
Her 2012 novel Honour, which focuses on an honour killing,[29] was nominated for the 2012 Man Asian Literary Prize and 2013 Women's Prize for Fiction,[30] [31] [32] followed by The Architect's Apprentice, about Mimar Sinan, in 2014.[8]
Her novel Three Daughters of Eve (2017), set in Istanbul and Oxford from the 1980s to the present day[33] was chosen by London Mayor Sadiq Khan as his favourite book of the year.[34] American writer Siri Hustvedt also praised the book.[35]
Following Margaret Atwood, David Mitchell and Sjon, Shafak was selected as the 2017 writer for the Future Library Project. Her work The Last Taboo is the third part of a collection of 100 literary works that will not be published until 2114.[36]
Shafak's 2019 novel 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World, revolving around the life of an Istanbul sex worker, was shortlisted for the Booker Prize.[37] In 2019, Shafak was investigated by Turkish prosecutors for addressing child abuse and sexual violence in her fiction writing.[6]
Shafak released her twelfth novel The Island of Missing Trees in 2021.[38]
Non-fiction [edit]
Shafak's non-fiction essays in Turkish have been collected in four books: Med-Cezir (2005),[39] Firarperest (2010),[40] Şemspare (2012)[41] and Sanma ki Yalnızsın (2017).[42]
In 2020, Shafak published How to Stay Sane in an Age of Division. [2]
In the media [edit]
Shafak has written for Time,[43] The Guardian,[44] La Repubblica,[45] The New Yorker,[46] The New York Times, [47] Der Spiegel [48] and New Statesman.[49]
Shafak has been a panellist or commentator on BBC World,[50] EuroNews[51] and Al Jazeera English.[52]
In July 2017, Elif Shafak was chosen as a 'castaway' on BBC Radio 4's Desert Island Discs.[53]
Shafak has been a TEDGlobal speaker three times.[54]
Themes [edit]
Istanbul [edit]
The city of Istanbul has been prominent in Shafak's writing. She depicts the city as a melting pot of different cultures and various contradictions.[55] Shafak has remarked: "Istanbul makes one comprehend, perhaps not intellectually but intuitively, that East and West are ultimately imaginary concepts, and can thereby be de-imagined and re-imagined."[43] In the same essay written for Time Magazine Shafak says: "East and West is no water and oil. They do mix. And in a city like Istanbul they mix intensely, incessantly, amazingly."[43] The New York Times Book Review said of Shafak, "she has a particular genius for depicting backstreet Istanbul, where the myriad cultures of the Ottoman Empire are still in tangled evidence on every family tree."[5]
In a piece she wrote for the BBC, Shafak said, "Istanbul is like a huge, colourful Matrushka – you open it and find another doll inside. You open that, only to see a new doll nesting. It is a hall of mirrors where nothing is quite what it seems. One should be cautious when using categories to talk about Istanbul. If there is one thing the city doesn't like, it is clichés."[56]
Eastern and Western cultures [edit]
Shafak blends Eastern and Western ways of storytelling, and draws on oral and written culture. In The Washington Post, Ron Charles says, "Shafak speaks in a multivalent voice that captures the roiling tides of diverse cultures."[57] Mysticism and specifically Sufism has also been a theme in her work, particularly in The Forty Rules of Love.[58] [59] [23]
Feminism [edit]
A feminist and advocate for gender equality, Shafak's writing has addressed numerous feminist issues and the role of women in society.[58] [55] [33] Examples include motherhood[58] and violence against women.[55] In an interview with William Skidelsky for The Guardian, she said: "In Turkey, men write and women read. I want to see this change."[60]
Human rights [edit]
Shafak's novels have explored human rights issues, particularly those in Turkey. She has said "What literature tries to do is to re-humanize people who have been dehumanized… People whose voices we never hear. That's a big part of my work".[61] Specific topics have included persecution of Yazidis, the Armenian genocide[55] and the treatment of various minorities in Turkey.[61]
Views [edit]
Freedom of speech [edit]
Shafak is an advocate for freedom of expression.[62] While taking part in the Free Speech Debate, she commented, "I am more interested in showing the things we have in common as fellow human beings, sharing the same planet and ultimately, the same sorrows and joys rather than adding yet another brick in the imaginary walls erected between cultures/religions/ethnicities."[63]
Political views [edit]
Shafak has been critical of the Presidency of Recep Tayyip ErdoÄŸan, describing his tenure as leading to increased authoritarianism in Turkey.[64] She signed an open letter in protest against Turkey's Twitter ban in 2014, commenting: "the very core of democracy... is lacking in today's Turkey".[65]
Shafak has spoken and written about various global political trends. In the 2010s, she drew parallels between Turkish political history and political developments in Europe and the United States.[59] Writing in The New Yorker in 2016, she said "Wave after wave of nationalism, isolationism, and tribalism have hit the shores of countries across Europe, and they have reached the United States. Jingoism and xenophobia are on the rise. It is an Age of Angst—and it is a short step from angst to anger and from anger to aggression."[46]
Shafak signed an open letter in protest against Russian persecution of homosexuals and blasphemy laws before Sochi 2014.[66]
Personal life [edit]
Shafak has lived in Istanbul, and in the United States—in Boston, Michigan, and Arizona—before moving to the UK.[67] Shafak has lived in London since 2013,[8] [68] but speaks of "carrying Istanbul in her soul."[69] As of 2019, Shafak had been in self-imposed exile from Turkey due to fear of prosecution.[59] [70]
Shafak is married to the Turkish journalist Eyüp Can Sağlık, a former editor of the newspaper Radikal, with whom she has a daughter and a son.[68] [71] In 2017, Shafak came out as bisexual.[72]
Following the birth of her daughter in 2006, Shafak suffered from postpartum depression, a period she addressed in her memoir Black Milk. [73]
Awards and recognition [edit]
Book awards [edit]
- The Island of Missing Trees, shortlisted for the 2021 Costa Book Award.[74]
- Halldór Laxness International Literature Prize, 2021;[75]
- 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World, shortlisted for the Booker Prize, 2019;[37]
- 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World, shortlisted for Ondaatje Prize, 2020; [76]
- The Architect's Apprentice, shortlisted for RSL Ondaatje Prize, 2015;[77]
- The Architect's Apprentice, longlisted for Walter Scott Historical Novel Prize, 2015;[78]
- Honour, second place for the Prix Escapade, France 2014;[79]
- Honour, longlisted for International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award, 2013;[80]
- Crime d'honneur (Phébus, 2013), 2013 Prix Relay des voyageurs;[81]
- Honour, longlisted for Women's Prize for Fiction, 2013;[82]
- Honour, longlisted for the Man Asian Literary Prize, 2012;[83]
- The Forty Rules of Love, nominated for 2012 International IMPAC Dublin Literary Award;[84]
- Soufi, mon amour (Phébus, 2011), Prix ALEF – Mention Spéciale Littérature Etrangère;[85]
- The Bastard of Istanbul, longlisted for Orange Prize for Fiction, London 2008;[20]
- The Gaze, longlisted for Independent Foreign Fiction Prize, United Kingdom 2007;[86]
- The Flea Palace, shortlisted for Independent Foreign Fiction Prize, United Kingdom 2005;[ citation needed ]
- The Gaze, Union of Turkish Writers' Best Novel Prize, 2000;[17] and
- Pinhan, The Great Rumi Award, Turkey 1998.[16]
Other recognition [edit]
- 2016 GTF Awards for Excellence in Promoting Gender Equality;[87]
- Asian Women of Achievement Awards 2015: Global Empowerment Award;[88]
- Women To Watch Award, Mediacat & Advertising Age, March 2014;[89]
- Marka Conference 2010 Award;[90]
- Turkish Journalists and Writers Foundation "The Art of Coexistence Award, 2009";[91]
- Maria Grazia Cutuli Award – International Journalism Prize, Italy 2006.[92]
Bibliography [edit]
Turkish | English | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Name | Year | Publisher | ISBN | Name | Year | Publisher | ISBN |
Kem Gözlere Anadolu | 1994 | Evrensel | 9789757837299 | ||||
Pinhan | 1997 | Metis | 975-342-297-0 | ||||
Şehrin Aynaları | 1999 | Metis | 975-342-298-9 | ||||
Mahrem | 2000 | Metis | 975-342-285-7 | The Gaze | 2006 | Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd | 978-0714531212 |
Bit Palas | 2002 | Metis | 975-342-354-3 | The Flea Palace | 2007 | Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd | 978 0714531205 |
Araf | 2004 | Metis | 978-975-342-465-3 | The Saint of Incipient Insanities | 2004 | Farrar, Straus and Giroux | 0-374-25357-9 |
Beşpeşe (with Murathan Mungan, Faruk Ulay, Celil Oker and Pınar Kür) | 2004 | Metis | 975-342-467-1 | ||||
Med-Cezir | 2005 | Metis | 975-342-533-3 | ||||
Baba ve Piç | 2006 | Metis | 978-975-342-553-7 | The Bastard of Istanbul | 2007 | Viking | 0-670-03834-2 |
Siyah Süt | 2007 | Doğan | 975-991-531-6 | Black Milk: On Writing, Motherhood, and the Harem Within | 2011 | Viking | 0-670-02264-0 |
AÅŸk | 2009 | DoÄŸan | 978-605-111-107-0 | The Forty Rules of Love: A Novel of Rumi | 2010 | Viking | 0-670-02145-8 |
Kâğıt Helva | 2010 | Doğan | 978-605-111-426-2 | ||||
Firarperest | 2010 | DoÄŸan | 978-605-111-902-1 | ||||
The Happiness of Blond People: A Personal Meditation on the Dangers of Identity | 2011 | Penguin | 9780670921768 | ||||
Ä°skender | 2011 | DoÄŸan | 978-605-090-251-8 | Honour | 2012 | Viking | 0-670-92115-7 |
Åžemspare | 2012 | DoÄŸan | 978-605-090-799-5 | ||||
Ustam ve Ben | 2013 | DoÄŸan | 978-605-09-1803-8 | The Architect's Apprentice | 2014 | Viking | 978-024-100-491-3 |
Sakız Sardunya | 2014 | Doğan | 978-605-09-2291-2 | ||||
Havva'nın Üç Kızı | 2016 | Doğan | 978-605-09-3537-0 | Three Daughters of Eve | 2016 | Viking | 978-024-128-804-7 |
Sanma ki Yalnızsın | 2018 | Doğan | 978-605-095-146-2 | ||||
On Dakika Otuz Sekiz Saniye | 2018 | DoÄŸan | 978-605-096-309-0 | 10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World | 2019 | Viking | 978-024-129-386-7 |
Aşkın Kırk Kuralı (compilation based on Aşk) | 2019 | Doğan Novus | 978-605-095-864-5 |
NOTE: Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd was bought out by Viking in 2011.
References [edit]
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- ^ a b "How to Stay Sane in an Age of Division by Elif Shafak review – a poignant look back at another age". the Guardian. 21 August 2020. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
- ^ Her name is spelled Shafak (with the digraph ⟨sh⟩ in place of the ⟨ÅŸ⟩) on her books published in English, including the Penguin Books edition of "The Forty Rules of Love."
- ^ "Small talk: Elif Shafak". www.ft.com . Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ a b Freely, Maureen (13 August 2006). "Writers on Trial". The New York Times . Retrieved 18 December 2019.
- ^ a b Flood, Alison (31 May 2019). "Turkey puts novelists including Elif Shafak under investigation". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 1 June 2019.
- ^ Finkel, Andrew. "Portrait of Elif Åžafak". Turkish Cultural Foundation . Retrieved 10 December 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f "Elif Shafak: 'I don't have the luxury of being apolitical'". the Guardian. 6 December 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/giris.jsp thesis number:53420
- ^ tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/giris.jsp thesis number:147676
- ^ https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605575/index.pdf
- ^ "Elif Shafak: U. Arizona Professor Acquitted of Charges In Turkey | History News Network". hnn.us . Retrieved 30 June 2021.
- ^ "Weidenfeld Visiting Professorship in Comparative European Literature". St Anne's College, Oxford.
- ^ https://www.st-annes.ox.ac.uk/this-is-st-annes/honorary-advisory-and-emeritus-fellows/
- ^ "Where to start reading Elif Shafak". www.penguin.co.uk . Retrieved 18 June 2021.
- ^ a b "Mevlana büyük ödülleri - Bilgi ve Eğlence Portalınız - Porttakal". porttakal.com. Archived from the original on 19 October 2014.
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- ^ "Curtis Brown website". Retrieved 4 March 2012.
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- ^ "Fiction Book Review: Honor by Elif Shafak". PublishersWeekly.com.
- ^ a b Williams, John (17 December 2017). "Tell Us 5 Things About Your Book: Elif Shafak on Mixing Faith and Doubt". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 17 June 2021.
- ^ "Best books of 2017: critics' picks". Financial Times. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
- ^ "Elif Shafak: Three Daughters of Eve with Siri Hustvedt". Livestream.
- ^ Flood, Alison (27 October 2017). "Elif Shafak joins Future Library, writing piece to be unveiled in 2114". The Guardian.
- ^ a b "Atwood and Rushdie on Booker Prize shortlist". BBC News. 3 September 2019.
- ^ Boyt, Susie (22 July 2021). "The Island of Missing Trees by Elif Shafak — war and figs". www.ft.com . Retrieved 25 July 2021.
- ^ https://www.dogankitap.com.tr/kitap/med-cezir
- ^ https://www.dogankitap.com.tr/kitap/firarperest
- ^ https://www.dogankitap.com.tr/kitap/semspare
- ^ https://www.dogankitap.com.tr/kitap/sanma-ki-yalnizsin
- ^ a b c Shafak, Elif (31 July 2006). "Pulled by Two Tides". Time Magazine. Archived from the original on 18 August 2006. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
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- ^ a b Shafak, Elif (10 December 2016). "The Silencing of Writers in Turkey". The New Yorker.
- ^ Shafak, Elif (19 September 2017). "Opinion | Turkey's Future Is Moving Backward". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
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- ^ Shafak, Elif. "Elif Shafak | Speaker | TED". www.ted.com.
- ^ a b c d "10 Minutes 38 Seconds in This Strange World by Elif Shafak review – powerful but preachy". the Guardian. 16 June 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ Shafak, Elif (13 May 2010). "The Essay: Postcards from Istanbul". BBC Radio 3 . Retrieved 10 December 2010.
- ^ Charles, Ron (11 December 2017). "Elif Shafak's new novel is so timely that it seems almost clairvoyant". Washington Post . Retrieved 4 May 2018.
- ^ a b c Abrams, Rebecca (18 June 2010). "Elif Shafak: Motherhood is sacred in Turkey". the Guardian . Retrieved 22 January 2018.
- ^ a b c "Turkish author Elif Shafak's cautionary tale for the West". POLITICO. 14 August 2017. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ William Skidelsky (7 April 2012). "Elif Shafak: 'In Turkey, men write and women read. I want to see this change'". the Guardian.
- ^ a b Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Elif Shafak: using literature as a means to defend human rights | DW | 05.05.2021". DW.COM . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ "'Police officers demanded to see my books': Elif Shafak on Turkey's war on free-speech". the Guardian. 15 July 2019. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ "Elif Shafak on our common humanity". Free Speech Debate.
- ^ Welle (www.dw.com), Deutsche. "Elif Shafak: 'Erdogan is the most divisive politician in Turkey's modern history' | DW | 11.09.2017". DW.COM . Retrieved 20 November 2021.
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- ^ Alison Flood (6 February 2014). "Sochi 2014: world authors join protest against Putin". the Guardian.
- ^ Salter, Jessica."11527563 Elif Shafak: 'I believe I'm not a good wife but I'm OK with that","The Telegraph",14 November 2014
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External links [edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elif Åžafak. |
- Elif Shafak – official site (in English)
- Elif Shafak – official site (in Turkish)
- Elif Shafak at Curtis Brown Literary and Talent Agency
- Elif Shafak at TED
- Elif Shafak on Twitter
- Elif Shafak's Istanbul, CNN International
- Elif Shafak 'Read My Country', BBC Radio World Service The Strand
- Urdu Translations of Elif Shafak's books, Jumhoori Publications
- Elif Shafak: 'In Turkey, men write and women read. I want to see this change'
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elif_Shafak
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